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George McDonald Church (born August 28, 1954) is an American geneticist, molecular engineer, and chemist. , he is Robert Winthrop Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School and Professor of Health Sciences and Technology at Harvard and MIT, and has been a founding member of the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard.〔 ==Education and early life== George McDonald Church was born on August 28, 1954 on MacDill Air Force Base near Tampa, Florida, and grew up in nearby Clearwater;〔〔David C. Brock, 2008, "George M. Church," at ''Chemical Heritage Foundation: Discover, Collections, Oral Histories,'' at (), accessed 26 February 2015.〕〔David Ewing Duncan, 2010, "On a Mission to Sequence the Genomes of 100,000 People: The geneticist George Church advises or licenses technology to most companies involved in sequencing, ''The New York Times,'' June 7, 2010, see (), accessed 26 February 2015.〕 he attended high school at the preparatory boarding school Phillips Academy, in Andover, Massachusetts, from 1968 to 1972.〔Alex Salton, 2009, "Geneticist George Church ’72 Sought Independence at PA," ''The Phillipian,'' April 17, 2009, see (), accessed 2 March 2015.〕 He then studied at Duke University, completing a bachelor's degree in zoology and chemistry in two years.〔 Trained at Phillips Academy, with Sung-Hou Kim at Duke University, with Walter Gilbert at Harvard University, and then in a post-doctoral fellowship with Gail R. Martin at University of California, San Francisco, Church began his independent research career as an assistant professor at Harvard Medical School Faculty in 1986. In the Fall of 1973 Church began research work at Duke with a young assistant professor of biochemistry, Sung-Hou Kim, work that continued a year later with Church in a graduate biochemistry program at Duke on an NSF predoctoral fellowship.〔〔 As Peter Miller reported for the ''National Geographic'' series, "The Innovators": "As a graduate student at Duke… he used x-ray crystallography to study the three-dimensional structure of "transfer" RNA, which decodes DNA and carries instructions to other parts of the cell. It was groundbreaking research, but Church spent so much time in the lab—up to a hundred hours a week—that he neglected his other classes (the fall of 1975 )".〔Peter Miller, 2015, "News, The Innovators Project: George Church, The Future Without Limits," ''National Geographic'' (online), see (), accessed 26 February 2015.〕 As a result, Church fell afoul of Duke graduate academic policies, and was "withdraw()" from the degree program in January 1976, and was told that "whatever problems… contributed to your lack of success… at Duke will not keep you from a successful pursuit of a productive career."〔〔Duke University Graduate School, Office of the Dean, 1976, "Dear Mr. Church…", January 16, 1976, private letter from W.G. Katzenmeyer, Associate Dean, to George McDonald Church, in the archives of G.M. Church, see (). accessed 4 March 2015.〕 The work gave rise to publications that include a ''Proceedings'' report with Church as lead author on an early model for molecular interactions between the minor groove of double-stranded DNA and β-ribbons of proteins〔G. M. Church, J. L. Sussman & S.-H. Kim, 1977, "Secondary structural complementarity between DNA and proteins," ''Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.'' 74:1458−1462, see (), accessed 4 March 2015.〕 (a report significant enough to receive mention in a "News and Views" piece by David Davies in ''Nature'').〔Commenting on the new Wayne Anderson, Brian Matthews, et al. structure of a Cro repressor-DNA complex, and on the new David McKay and Thomas Steitz structure of a CAP-cAMP complex; David Davies, 1981, "Two DNA-binding proteins," ''Nature'' 290:736''f'', see (), accessed 4 March 2015.〕 Church began graduate work anew at Harvard University in 1977 under Walter Gilbert,〔Jeffrey Perkel, 2013, "BioTechniques: Celebrating 30 Years of Methods Development," ''BioTechniques'' 55(5), November 2013, 227–230, see (), accessed 21 March 2014.〕 and completed a Ph.D. in biochemistry and molecular biology working on mobile genetic elements within introns of yeast mitochondrial and mouse Immunoglobulin genes (1984). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「George M. Church」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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